Esim - [特刊] 星空 starry sky
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aresan02


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[特刊] 星空 starry sky (Fun)
Posted 11 years ago by
aresan02    
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最近有意思的新闻很少,今天就来些星空的照片吧


阿拉斯加上空極光





這綠色的部分是雲還是極光呢?兩周前拍下這張精彩的影像,月光在蓬鬆的綠色極光的加成下,照亮了寧靜的柳湖(Willow Lake),也照亮了在美國阿拉斯加東岸的蘭格爾群山與聖伊利亞斯山。雖然剛看到極光會以為是月光所照亮的雲,但式極光並不會遮擋住背景的星光,僅僅是增加了天空的亮度。發生在北半球的北極光,成因來自於磁球層的高能粒子與地球高層大氣的氣體分子碰撞而激發出來的。




当玫瑰星云不是红色时




当然,不是所有的玫瑰都是红色的,但它们还是非常漂亮。然而在天象图中,美丽的玫瑰星云和其它恒星形成区域总是以红色为主-部分因为在星云中占据支配的发射物是氢原子产生的。氢原子强烈的可见光线-H-alpha,是光谱中的一个红色光波段,但漂亮的发射星云不仅仅需要红光。在这张绚丽的玫瑰星云中心区域图像中,窄波图像是合成,硫原子发出的红光,氢原子放射出蓝光,氧原子放射出绿光。



哈伯望遠鏡的礁湖星雲




飄浮在這幅星野裡的多彩脊狀雲氣,外貌酷似畫布上的筆觸。只不過,這塊'畫布'寬度將近3光年,這些礁湖星雲裡的輻射經過色澤轉映,而記錄這幅影像的是哈伯太空望遠鏡的先進巡天相機。又名為M8的礁湖星雲 (Lagoon nebula),是個恆星形成區,位在人馬座內,距離我們約有5,000光年遠。




M42猎户座星云中丝状云




猎户座大星云位于巨大的恒星形成区附近,它可能是所有星云中最有名的。图上的那块巨大的星际分子云离我们仅有1500光年,它边缘上年轻的热星被炽热的气体围绕着。在上面这张深空图像中,由尘埃和气体组成的暗淡的丝状和片状云显得特别明显。在很容易辨认出的组成著名的猎户座腰带的三颗恒星的左下方,可以用肉眼看到猎户座 大星云。



秋分和鐵太陽




在今天世界時03:09,太陽將穿過天球赤道往南天前進。這個稱為秋分的天文事件,標誌了北半球秋天的第一天,而對南半球,這是春季的起頭。分 (equinox)意指畫夜平分,因太陽直射赤道,所以地球上的居民感受到將近12小時的白畫和12小時的黑夜。隨著冬季逼近,北半球的白畫會變短,而太陽也越低懸。



心臟星雲內的星團Melotte 15




在發射星雲IC 1805的中心地帶,宇宙雲氣組成一些很奇妙的形狀。當然這些雲氣,是受到星雲新誕生星團Melotte 15的大質量熾熱恆星恆星風和輻射之雕塑。這個年齡大約只有一百五十萬年的星團和它周遭受原子雲氣輝光襯托而現出黝黑剪影的塵埃雲氣,位在上面這幅彩色星野影像的中心附近。這幅由窄和寬波段望遠鏡照片組合而成的影像,涵蓋了大約40光年的天區。



雲彩、群鳥、新月、金星




有時候,天空就是一個絕佳的表演舞台。舉例來說,上周的金星合月,就讓全世界的追星者一飽眼福。甚至在有些地區的天空是更加美麗的。
這張精彩的影像拍攝於西班牙,新月與金星共伴於右方深藍天空中,此時正是日落時分。
前景中,黝黑的風暴雲系密布於影像底端,白色的砧狀雲則在此之上。黑色點點則是成群的飛鳥。



船底座大星雲內的暗星雲




飄浮在船底座大星雲內的這些黝黑雲氣是什麼?這些異樣的圖案實際上是分子雲,分子雲和塵埃因緊密糾結,而形成濃密不透光的雲氣團。然而相較之下,這些雲氣和地球大氣比起來還是極為稀薄。上面影像呈現了到目前為為止,最清晰船底座大星雲影像的一小區域,而此區內的黝黑分子雲特別顯著。上面影像,是根據最近重新取得影像數據建構成而,並依照氧輻射光重新上色。




船帆座




我們銀河系的盤面穿過這片既美麗又複雜的星野。這張跨幅達10度,由4張照片組合出來的影像,呈現了船帆座西北角的星場,中心區的光亮雲氣絲則是船帆座超新星遺骸,為一顆大質量爆炸死亡後所留下的擴張碎片雲。大約在一萬一千年前,產生船帆座遺骸的超新星爆炸之閃光傳到地球。這次的爆炸,除了激震誘發出光亮的雲氣絲外,也留了一顆密度超高、快速旋轉的核心--船帆座波霎。



向日葵星系與恆星流




星系M63位在獵犬座 (Canes Venaciti)內,是北天星空中的明亮螺旋星系,離我們約有二千五百萬光年遠。亦稱為NGC 5055的這個壯麗宇宙島,寬度接近十萬光年,大小和我們的銀河系相當。外觀酷似向日葵而常被如此暱稱的星系M63,有明亮的黃色星系核心和蜿蜒的藍色旋臂,間鑲著塵埃帶和粉紅色的恆星形成區。



漂亮的回旋标星云




这个对称星云被称为回旋标星云,是由一颗每小时以近60万公里速度旋转的高龄中央恒星吹出的高速尘埃气体风形成。迅速的扩张将星云气体内的分子冷却到绝对零度以上一度,其温度甚至比宇宙背景射线还低,使得它成为遥远宇宙中迄今所知最寒冷的区域。这张哈勃影像是利用偏振滤光片(类似于偏光镜)和与偏振光有关的角度色码拍摄。



银河系中心与人马座




我们银河系中心看起来是什么样的?
在可见光下,没有人知道。在我们肉眼视线下不可能看到银河系的中心,因为银河系盘面上厚厚尘埃挡住了我们的视线。
如果朝我们银河系中心的方向看去,也就是人马座方向上,就会看到许多美丽而壮观的景色。
巨大的尘埃带以及星云占据着影像。
在上面的这张壮观影像中,可以看到30颗梅西耶天体,包括各种类型的星云和恒星团。



壮观的天蝎座




如果肉眼看到天蝎座能有这样好看,那么人们会更加记得它。
天蝎座更多地表现为数颗亮星,但很少被认为是著名的黄道星座。
为了拍摄一张如此壮观的影像,需要一台好相机,滤色镜以及一台数字影像处理机。
为了展现出细节,上面的影像不仅仅涉及到在不同颜色下经过长时间曝光进行拍摄,
而其中一张曝光影像是在由氢气放射出的特殊红光下拍摄的。



哈勃太空望远镜下的猎户座星云(M42)




很少天文景象能像猎户座星云一样刺激我们的想象力。
作为被人们熟知的M42,星云的发光气体包围着炽热的年轻恒星,周围有巨大的星际分子云,距离我们只有1,500光年远。
这幅猎户座星云详细的图像是用哈勃太空望远镜的高级探测照相机和欧南台的La Silla 2.2米望远镜数据合成的。
这张马赛克最高分辨率有10亿象素,显示有大约3,000颗恒星。




参宿一,参宿二,参宿三(冬季星座中,著名的猎户座腰带星)




在这幅壮丽的宇宙景象里,对角线上从东到西 (由左至右),蓝色的亮星分别是参宿一 (Alnitak)、 参宿二 (Alnilam)及参宿三 (Mintaka)。
又被称为猎户腰带的这三颗蓝色超巨星,温度和质量都远比太阳高,
距离我们约有1500光年远,都是从猎户座内已经被研究地很透彻的星际星云里诞生出来的。



不永恒的钻石




2006年第一个日食的全食带,昨天早上起始于巴西东岸,终止于半个地球外日落时分的蒙古西部。
在二个端点之间,月亮的暗影横扫过大西洋、非洲北部、及中亚,中途短暂降临在东爱琴海的希腊的卡斯特劳利松岛。
在全食阶段结束时,他拍摄了这幅醒目的“钻石环”影像。
影像中,穿透过月亮峡谷的首道日光,在很短暂的剎那,就像是镶在环绕月亮剪影的亮环上的闪耀钻石。



洛杉矶欢快的夜空(2008 年12月03日)




周日的天空似乎在对地球微笑。可以看到天空中出现了金木伴月的现象。
拍摄上面影像时,正好一轮新月与双星相合出现了一个笑脸。
上面的影像是2008年11月30日日落后,从美国加利福尼亚州威尔逊山天文台俯瞰洛杉矶市时看到的场景。
天空中最高最远的是木星。




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