Esim - 你不能不知道的西漢名將(霍去病)
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你不能不知道的西漢名將(霍去病) (Event related)
Posted 9 years ago by
a1123583    
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官職:大司馬、驃騎將軍(首任)
封爵 :冠軍侯
出生 建元元年
(前140年)
西漢河東郡平陽縣
逝世 元狩六年
(前117年)北京
諡號:景桓侯

霍去病(前140年-前117年)河東郡平陽人。

為衛青的外甥,好騎射,擅於長途奔襲。

元朔6年霍去病被漢武帝任為驃姚校尉 ,隨衛青擊匈奴於漠南,以800人殲2000餘人,受封冠軍侯。

元狩2年封為驃騎將軍。

於春、夏兩次率兵出擊佔據河西地區的匈奴部,殲4萬餘人。

同年秋奉命迎接率眾降漢的匈奴渾邪王,在部分降眾變亂的緊急關頭,率部馳入匈奴軍中,斬殺變亂者,穩定了局勢,渾邪王得以率4萬餘眾歸漢。

從此,漢朝控制了河西地區,打通了西域道路。

四年夏,與衛青各率5萬騎過大漠進擊匈奴。霍去病擊敗左賢王部後,乘勝追擊,深入2000餘里,殲7萬餘人。

後升任大司馬,與衛青同掌兵權。

他用兵靈活,注重方略,不拘古法,勇猛果斷,每戰皆勝,深得武帝信任。留下“匈奴未滅,何以家為”的千古名句。

元狩6年病卒,年僅24歲。

霍去病初次征戰,年方18,即率領800驍騎深入敵境數百里,把匈奴兵殺得四散逃竄,在這次戰鬥殺死了匈奴2,028人,並且俘虜了單于的叔父羅姑比,斬殺了單于的祖父若侯產。霍去病因此開始展露鋒芒,獲得授予驃姚校尉,又以「勇冠三軍」之意而受封予冠軍侯。

元狩二年(前121年)春、夏,漢武帝任命霍去病為驃騎將軍,發動了兩次對匈奴的河西戰役,大勝而回。於春天的作戰中,霍去病率1萬驃騎,6天中轉戰西域5國,越過了焉支山1,000多里後重創匈奴,殲敵近9,000人,俘獲匈奴祭天金人。於夏天的戰役則成果更大,在與共同出擊,作為另外一支夾擊部隊的公孫敖失去聯繫的情況下,霍去病孤軍深入,到達祁連山,殺敵30,000餘,讓匈奴的實力受到一次極大的打擊。《西河舊事》載當時的匈奴人唱道:「失我祁連山,使我六畜不蕃息,失我焉支山,使我婦女無顏色」[1]。兩次河西戰役之後,漢朝完全控制了河西地區。後來他還出色地平息了匈奴降軍的騷亂,匈奴從此退到了漠北一帶。

元狩四年(前119年),漢武帝調集100,000騎兵,隨軍戰馬、步兵輜重無數,由衛青和霍去病各領50,000騎兵,東西兩路向漠北進軍。攜三征河西的銳氣,此次敢深入力戰的兵士都分配給霍去病,原本為了對抗大單于主力;但是衛青部自定襄出發,卻和單于本部相遇,霍去病則率軍東出代郡,行軍2,000里,大敗左賢王,殲敵70,443人,左賢王部幾乎全軍覆沒。霍去病先是捕獲了匈奴伊稚斜單于的近臣,誅殺了小王比車耆,隨後攻擊左大將,斬殺敵將,奪取對方的軍旗和戰鼓。緊接著,漢軍翻越離侯山,渡過弓閭河,捕獲匈奴屯頭王、韓王及將軍、相國、當戶、都尉等高級官員83人。在這次長途奔襲中,霍去病封狼居胥山(今外蒙古肯特山)以祭天,禪姑衍山(肯特山以北)以祭地,得瀚海(貝加爾湖)而班師。自此,匈奴遷到更偏遠的地方,長城內外一片和平景象,中原人民安居樂業。霍去病因此和舅舅衛青同時獲得加封大司馬,特令驃騎將軍秩祿與大將軍同。

文章來原,維基百科,雅虎知識家
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